How to install and use the Mac Ports Package.

Snow Leopard UPDATE

• The GOOD news is that the ports collection does work with Snow Leopard.
  
• The bad news is that you will have to REMOVE all of /opt to do it.
  
• You will then need to do a fresh install from the DMG file, see below...
• You will be just fine if you did the DEFAULT install, which puts everything into /opt.
  - And if you put it someplace else like /usr/local, well you are kinda screwed.

• First get and install the Apple Developer Tools.
  - Which are located on your INSTALL DVD.
  - And can also be found at the developer.apple.com web site.
  
  
• Then get and install the most current MacPorts (not DarwinPorts) DMG file from the download area at distfiles.macports.org
  
  
• And last, add the locations of,
  /opt/local/bin/
  and
  /opt/local/sbin/
  to your PATH, if it is not done by the MacPorts installer.
  

• As an EXAMPLE lets look for clamAV, a FREE antivirus package.
  port search clamav
  The search might return three items,
  

  p5-mail-clamav   perl/p5-mail-clamav 0.20     Perl interface to the clamav virus scanner
  py-clamav        python/py-clamav 0.4.0       python interface to the clamav antivirus
  clamav           sysutils/clamav 0.93         clamav antivirus software
  

• Lets install the base version, clamav.
  sudo port install clamav
  

  ---

• Do not forget to:
  - Rename example-clamd.conf and example-freshclam.conf by removing the "example-" from the beginning of the files:
  sudo cp /opt/local/etc/example-clamd.conf /opt/local/etc/clamd.conf
sudo cp /opt/local/etc/example-freshclam.conf /opt/local/etc/freshclam.conf
  
  - Edit the two configuration files and COMMENT OUT the word "Example":
  sudo nano /opt/local/etc/clamd.conf
  and
  sudo nano /opt/local/etc/freshclam.conf
  
  

1. I have made two scripts (clamAV-scripts.zip) that will help you learn how to use and update it.
   It is located in my FREE TOOLS area.

   ---

2. OK now that you just installed clamav, to check its version number do, port installed | grep clamav
   

   ---

3. Wanna see what Apple Mac Viruses it can detect ?
   
   
   • server = /usr/bin/sigtool --list-sigs |grep OSX
   • client = /opt/local/bin/sigtool --list-sigs |grep OSX

   ---

4. To see ALL the ports you have already installed, type:
   port installed
   
   
5. To update your entire ports collection, just do:
   sudo port -d selfupdate
   
   
6. And to upGRADE just one package you have already installed, like clamav, all you have to do is:
   sudo port upgrade clamav
   Cool Eh ?
   
   
7. And if you are REAL BRAVE and have some extra CPU cycles to spare,
   why not upgrade EVERYTHING THAT IS OLD via,
   sudo port upgrade outdated
   

   ---

8. Or maybe you want to UNinstall a port, first see if you have more then one copy via,
   port installed |grep clamav
   You might get a few:
   clamav @0.88.1_0
   clamav @0.88.2_0
   
   Then issue
   sudo port uninstall clamav @0.88.1_0
   , and then
   sudo port uninstall clamav @0.88.2_0
   
   Now that was not so bad, was it ?
   

   ---

9. Do not think it is bad having more then one copy of a package ?
   Sometimes the new one does not WORK!!!
   All you need to do is uninstall the bad one and activate the older one that worked !
   sudo port activate clamav @0.88.2_0
   You can DEactivate one too,
   sudo port deactivate clamav @0.88.2_0
   

   ---

10. If you get a funny error message when you use freshclam for the FIRST time like this:
    ERROR: getfile: Can't create new file /opt/local/share/clamav/clamav-962bdeec86fc85c67281856722282487 in /opt/local/share/clamav
    - Do not worry, just do this:
    sudo chown -R clamav /opt/local/share/clamav
sudo chgrp -R clamav /opt/local/share/clamav
sudo chmod -R 755 /opt/local/share/clamav
    
    

• OK, lets say you just installed the port called "mtr"
  Now in a terminal you type "mtr" and nothing happnes !
  To find out where the heck it is use the contents command !
  port contents mtr
  

  Port mtr contains:
    /opt/local/sbin/mtr                     <-= Here is the binary you need to run.
    /opt/local/share/man/man8/mtr.8.gz      <-= And here is the MAN PAGE for it.
  

• You can still "Roll Your Own" packages like the X-Windows sniffer (was called EtheReal), etc.
  Which is now called WireShark and MANY others need the GTK libary, etc.
  
  
• Just install it as you would any other port.
  i.e. port install glib1
  i.e. port install libpcap
  i.e. port install gtk1
  
  
• If the X program tells you it can NOT find X or barfs on install.
  You may have NOT installed the "X11SDK.PKG" which is on the X-Tools CD-ROM.
  Or install it yourself from macosforge.

And for all you GUI people,

• Richard Laing has made Porticus, which can manage the ports for you.
• ClamXav, also avail at the Apple DownLoad area.